See also Continuity Guide
Many costumes feature "pips" like these (thanks to Simon Rhodes), inspired by insignia on miliary uniforms that indicate rank and regiment.
The top badge is seen on Tony's navy jacket right sleeve. The bottom badge is seen on Koenig's navy jacket left sleeve (one of four). They appear together on Osgood's yellow jumpsuit in Catacombs of the Moon
Details of insignia from the Swift costumes seen in Brian The Brain and Bringers Of Wonder.
The "sunrise" badge, showing the hand-stitching.
Contents copyright Martin Willey